Метою дослідження було оцінити вплив токсичних металів (Ni, Pb, Cu) на забруднення ґрунту в Україні, спричинене військовими діями, та дослідити їхній фітотоксичний вплив на рослини, зосереджуючись на Sorghum bicolor nothosubsp. drummondii f. alba як потенційному кандидаті для фіторемедіації. Насіння S. bicolor пророщували в контрольованих умовах з різними концентраціями Ni(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2 та CuSO4. Були виміряні параметри росту пагонів і коренів, а також розраховані індекси толерантності (TI). Статистичний аналіз включав дисперсійний аналіз (ANOVA), тест Тьюкі, тест Шапіро—Вілка та тест Левена зі значущістю, встановленою на рівні p<0,05. Нікель у концентрації 5—10 мг/л пригнічував ріст коренів, але мав незначний вплив на пагони. Свинець у концентрації 400 мг/л повністю пригнічував утворення коренів, тоді як нижчі концентрації спричинювали помірне пригнічення. Мідь дуже впливала на розвиток коренів, зменшуючи біомасу до 87 % за 100 мг/л, тоді як пагони демонстрували відносну толерантність. Загалом, корені були чутливішими індикаторами токсичності металів, ніж пагони. Сорго двоколірне продемонструвало помірну стійкість до стресу від важких металів, підтримуючи ріст пагонів при забрудненні, обмежуючи при цьому переміщення металів у надземну частину. Це свідчить про можливість його потенційного використання у стратегіях фітостабілізації ґрунтів, забруднених військовою діяльністю. Отримані результати підкреслюють нагальну потребу в підходах до біоремедіації для відновлення сільськогосподарської продуктивності та зменшення екологічних ризиків у постраждалих від війни регіонах України.
Ключові слова: Sorghum bicolor nothosubsp. drummondii f. alba, токсичні метали, фіторемедіація, нікель, свинець, мідь, толерантність
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