Phytobiota is a state indicator of the environment, since the impact of various abiotic stresses on plants causes a number of physiological and biochemical changes in the photosynthetic apparatus. Rare plant species have a lower survival coefficient than more common species, and are also more sensitive to climate change. The content and ratio of photosynthetic pigments in plants of different age groups of species of the genus Carlina L. under natural growth conditions have been studied. It has been found that differences in growth ecotopes affected the content of photosynthetic pigments and their ratios. The chlorophylls concentration in the photosynthetic apparatus depends on the stage of ontogenesis, light, water and temperature regimes. In the species Carlina onopordifolia, which belongs to photophilous plants, the total pigments content was 23.96—39.35 % higher, compared to the shade-tolerant species Carlina cirsioides. Analysis of the pigment content dynamics during 2017—2023 showed that the photosynthetic apparatus of both species dynamically responded to changes in abiotic conditions. The general pattern for C. onopordifolia plants was the most significant changes over the years in the content of chlorophyll a and carotenoids in plants of all age groups. It has been found that the concentration of pigments in plants of the generative group of C. onopordifolia is lower compared to pregenerative plants. In C. cirsioides plants, which are in the generative stage of the life cycle, on the contrary, the total content of pigments was higher, compared to individuals of the pregenerative group. A correlation analysis was conducted between the content of photosynthetic pigments in plants of the genus Carlina and meteorological factors. Correlation analysis has showed that there are correlations between the content of pigments, their ratios in the studied species of the genus Carlina and the meteorological parameters of the environment. The strength and direction of these relationships varies depending on the years of the study. It has been found that the state of the pigment complex of both C. onopordifolia and C. cirsioides plants depends more on water deficit or excess than on air temperature.
Keywords: Carlina L., rare species, photosynthetic pigments, meteorogical parameters, correlation analysis
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