The article focuses on the results of research conducted on the development of elements of in vitro technology for the selection of drought-resistant potato regenerant plants. The lethal means of the selective agents (osmotically active substance — polyethylene glycol in combination with the high air temperature) have been determined. A working concentration (5 %) of polyethylene glycol for gradual introduction into the nutrient medium at the stage of the callus tissue and an active proliferation of the calli at the temperature of 40—45 °C were established. Following a selection there were obtained regenerant plants, resistant to high temperatures (50 °C). In the greenhouse conditions morphological changes in temperature resistant plants on stem diameter, color of the stem and leaves (from dark green to anthocyanin) have been determined. The leaves of these plants are more rough and furry. The lines had less 0.4—3.8 tubers per plant, depending on the variety, but in 14 lines their total weight was by 30.5—63.2 g/bush above the control. By determining the water content in temperature-resistant regenerant plants under drought (artificially created in the greenhouse conditions) it was established that stable lines had this index by 23 % higher compared to the control one. As the drought increases, these plants clearly show tolerance to dehydration and high temperatures.
Keywords: potato, culture in vitro, drought tolerance, regenerant plants, callus
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