The review considers the latest data on the physiological functions of nitric oxide (NO) in plants, the use of NO donors to increase plant tolerance to abiotic stressors, and analyzes the factors that prevent the widespread use of NO donors in plant growing. It was determined that one of these factors is that under stress conditions, it is quite difficult to accurately predict the level of increase in endogenous NO content when using NO donors. Given the dose-dependence and polyfunctionality of NO, when increasing endogenous NO content can contribute to increasing plant resistance, but can also lead to the induction of programmed cell death, uncertainty about the level of increase in endogenous NO content is a significant obstacle to the effective use of NO donors. Another fundamental obstacle is that the final effect of using NO donors can be determined by the interaction of NO with other plant signaling systems, as a result of which the nature of the effect of exogenous NO depends on the physiological state of plants. In addition, the difficulty in determining the optimal moment for the application of NO donors in conditions where the moment of onset of the stressor is uncertain, as well as ensuring the necessary duration of the effect of exogenous NO, is also an obstacle. It is concluded that a necessary prerequisite for the widespread use of NO donors to increase plant tolerance to the effects of abiotic stressors is progress in fundamental research into the mechanisms of NO formation in plants, mechanisms of NO-mediated signaling, and the definition of clear criteria that would allow predicting the nature of the effect of NO donors on plants with a high degree of reliability. It is also essential to develop NO donors with prolonged action, which would provide a gradual increase in the content of endogenous NO over a long period of time. It is stated that the most promising direction, progress in which can be achieved in the near future, is the use of NO donors to modify the phytotoxic effect of herbicides.
Keywords: NO, nitric oxide donors, signaling, abiotic stressors, herbicides
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