The study was conducted on winter bread wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) of the Darynka Kyivska and Jamala varieties, which were grown in pots with 10 kg of soil at natural temperature and light. Soil moisture in the pots was maintained at an optimal level (60—70 % of field capacity) all the time. Plants of the Darynka Kyivska variety were treated foliarly with the preparation ECOLINE Phosphite (K-Amino), those of the Jamala variety were treated with the preparation ECOLINE Phosphite (K) at a rate of 1 L/ha twice: at the end of the stem elongation stage (BBCH 39) and the milk growth stage (BBCH 71). The content of photosynthetic pigments, the gas exchange rate, and the chloroplasts antioxidant enzymes activity in flag leaves were determined at the anthesis stage (ВВСН 65) and the late milk stage (ВВСН 77), grain productivity indices were determined at the full grain ripeness stage. It was shown that foliar treatment of winter wheat plants with the preparations ECOLINE Phosphite (K) and ECOLINE Phosphite (K-Amino) stimulated the photosynthetic activity of the flag leaf, slowed its decline during ontogenetic development, contributed to a better supply of assimilates for grain filling, and optimized the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus by reducing carbon loss due to photorespiration. The observed effects of treatment with the preparations can be attributed to both the priming effect of phosphite — particularly an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, which enhances plant resistance to adverse abiotic and biotic environmental factors — and improved development of the plant root system, leading to better absorption of mineral nutrients.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., potassium phosphite, photosynthesis, photorespiration, transpiration, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, grain productivity
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