Genetic transformation using Agrobacterium rhizogenes can lead to variability in the content of compounds synthesized in different lines of «hairy» roots. Such differences may cause disparities in the survival of the samples under the effects of low and high temperatures as a stress factor. The analysis of such variability makes it possible to assess the impact of transformation on plants’ adaptive potential and to identify opportunities for increasing the content of compounds with antioxidant properties. This work aimed to compare the characteristics of the response of different lines of Bidens pilosa L. «hairy» roots to the effect of short-term temperature stress. For this purpose, the roots were cultivated in vitro and short-term exposed to low (7 °C) and high (36 °C) temperatures. The increase in the fresh weight, the content of flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were determined. The peculiarities of the response of «hairy» roots of different lines to the effect of short-term temperature stress were revealed. Differences in growth rate, synthesis of metabolites (flavonoids), and antioxidant activity of extracts from different root lines under the influence of temperature stress were observed. In particular, only the roots of one line were able to grow after a short-term temperature increase to 36 °C; the specific content of flavonoids significantly increased after the influence of both low and high temperatures; low-temperature stress did not affect antioxidant activity while increasing temperature led to an increase in antioxidant activity. Such features can probably be related to the differences between the lines, which are the separate transformation events and can differ from each other both in the place of insertion of transferred genes, in particular rol genes, and in the copy number and activity of genes which, accordingly, affects the metabolism of plant cells.
Keywords: Bidens pilosa L., Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation, «hairy» roots, temperature stress, flavonoids, antioxidant activity
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