Although chitin is one of the most common organic compounds in nature, more than 10 gigatons of this nitrogen-containing polysaccharide are synthesized per year. However, significant accumulation of it in the environment is not observed, due to the destruction of this polymer by chitinases mainly of bacteria. In addition, chitinolytic enzymes are considered a possible replacement for synthetic pesticides, herbicides, insecticides and fungicides. For example, streptomycete chitinases from the family of glycoside-hydrolases GH19 are promising fungicides. The strain Streptomyces griseus HUT 6037 is the first streptomycete in which GH19 chitinase was identified. The strain S. griseus HUT 6037 belongs to the S. griseus subclade of the S. griseus clade. The aim of our work was to determine the prevalence in the genomes of streptomycetes from the S. albovinaceus subclade (one of the subclades of the S. griseus clade) of genes that determine GH19 chitinases and to determine differences in the molecular organization of these enzymes. It was established that in the genomes of streptomycetes from S. albovinaceus subgroup, as a rule, there are 3 chi-genes that determine chitinases from the GH19 family. Streptomycete chitinases from the S. albovinaceus subgroup contain chitin-binding domains (CDD:213175, CDD:213178, CDD:444668). It is shown that the structure of chitinases binding domains can serve as an additional indicator for determining the genetic kinship of streptomycetes. The indices of identity of the majority of 16S rRNA genes of the streptomycete strains of the studied sample were higher than the required minimum (98.7 %), necessary to recognize the genetic kinship of the strains. However, identity values lower than the minimum value (Qc = 96 %; I=98.1 %) were found for the 16S rRNA gene of the strain S. globisporus NRRL B-2293. In addition, no sequences similar to the sequences of chi-genes encoding chitinases of the GH19 family were found in this strain.
Keywords: streptomycete, chi-gene, chitinase, identity, sequence
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