Fiziol. rast. genet. 2021, vol. 53, no. 1, 3-28, doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2021.01.003

The use of fungicides in integrated soybeans protection systems and their impact on the physiological and biochemical processes in plants under inoculation

Kots S.Ya., Pavlyshche A.V.

  • Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31/17 Vasylkivska St., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine

The review of literature data is given on the effect of various chemicals with fungicidal properties on the course of physiological and biochemical processes in soybean plants under conditions of seeds inoculation with nodule bacteria. The importance of soybean in integrated agricultural systems, and destabilizing factors for maximum realization of its genetic potential are shown. The influence of fungicidal preparations and their individual components on nodule bacteria in pure culture, legume-rhizobial symbiosis, photosynthetic apparatus, and features of the plant organism response at the level of redox reactions are considered. It is noted that the toxic effect of fungicides on nodule bacteria depends on the bacterial strain, the active substance and additional components of the pesticide, its concentration, storage temperature, the duration of interaction with bacteria. Certain mechanisms of fungicides negative influence on legume-rhizobial symbiosis are outlined, which consist in inhibition of phytoestrogen production by plants, decrease in synthesis of phytohormones and siderophores, violation of regulatory signaling system between macro- and microsymbionts, blocking the activity of nodulation genes and reducing the level of rhizobial Nod-factor. It is assumed that the multidirectional action of pesticides on the photosynthetic apparatus depends on the method of treatment, concentration and the active substances of fungicides. It is noted that changes in the antioxidant enzymes activity in soybean plants indicate the development of stress-protective reactions to chemical treatment. Possible ways to reduce the toxic effects of fungicides that will help maintain the efficiency of legume-rhizobial symbiosis with the combined use of biological preparations and chemical pesticides in soybean cultivation are shown.

Keywords: soybean, phytopathogens, fungicides, nodule bacteria, legume-rhizobial symbiosis, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzymes

Fiziol. rast. genet.
2021, vol. 53, no. 1, 3-28

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