Fiziol. rast. genet. 2018, vol. 50, no. 6, 499-507, doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2018.06.499

Influence of retardants — derivatives of cyclohexanedіones on the productivity of winter wheat

Makoveychuk T.I., Mikhalska L.M., Schwartau V.V.

  • Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31/17 Vasylkivska St., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine

The effect of plant growth regulators of the class acylcyclohexanediones on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) of highly productive varieties Smuglyanka and Podolyanka was studied. In the years of experiments, the level of lodging in the control was low, and in the variants using Moddus and Medax Top and their compositions with fertilizer were absent. It was noted that the application of retardants increases the competitive ability of wheat crops to wed Apera spica venti L. It was shown that treatment of plants by retardants of the class of cyclohexanediones and other inhibitors of synthesis of gibberellic acid with Megafol 1.5 l/ha, led to the increase of plant productivity. It was established that grain of Smuglyanka and Podolyanka varieties plants treated with progexadione Ca with mepiquathloride + megafol contained 14.4 and 13.7% protein, gluten — 32.0 and 29.9 %, respectively. The short-stem wheat variety Smuglyanka, in contrast to the plants of the middle-height Podolyanka variety, responded positively to the use of retardants in relation to plant height. At the same time, for both varieties, an increase of yield was established while simultaneously adding Megafol fertilizer.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., winter wheat, retardants, productivity

Fiziol. rast. genet.
2018, vol. 50, no. 6, 499-507

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22. Zhang, M., Wang, H., Yi, Y., Ding, J., Zhu, M., Li, C., Guo, W., Feng, C. & Zhu, X. (2017). Effect of nitrogen levels and nitrogen ratios on lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLoS One. 12(11):e0187543. doi: http://doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187543. eCollection 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.01875434. Acreche, M.M. & Slafer, G.A. (2011). Lodging yield penalties as affected by breeding in Mediterranean wheats. Field Crops Res., 122, pp. 40-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2011.02.004

5. Beasley, J.S., Branham, B.E. & Ortiz-Ribbing, LM. (2005). Trinexapac-ethyl affects Kentucky bluegrass root architecture. Hort. Science, 40, pp.1539-1542.

6. Berry, P.M. & Spink, J. (2012). Predicting yield losses caused by lodging in wheat. Field Crops Res., 137, pp. 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.019

7. Berry, P.M., Sterling, M., Spink, J.H., Baker, C.J., Sylvester-Bradley, R., Mooney, S., Tams, A. R. & Ennos, A. R. (2004). Understanding and reducing lodging in cereals. Advances in Agronomy, 84 (04), pp. 215-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(04)84005-7

8. Espindula, M.C., Rocha, V.S., Fontes, P.C.R., Silva, R.C.C. & Souza, L.T. (2009 a). Effect of nitrogen and trinexapac-ethyl rates on the SPAD index of wheat leaves. J. Plant Nutr., 32(11), pp. 1956-1964. doi: http: // dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904160903245113. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160903245113

9. Espindula, M.C., Rocha, V.C., Grossi, J.A.S., Souza, M.A., Souza, L.T. & Favarato, L.F. (2009 b). Use of growth retardants in wheat. Planta Daninha, 27(2), pp. 379-387. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-8358200900020002

10. Fischer, R.A. & Edmeades, G.O. (2010). Breeding and cereal yield progress. Crop Sci., 50, рр. 85-98. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2009.10.0564

11. Foulkes, M.J., Slafer, G.A., Davies, W.J., Berry, P.M., Sylvester-Bradley, R., Martre, P., Calderini, D.F., Griffiths, S. & Reynolds, M.P. (2011). Raising yield potential of wheat III. Optimizing partitioning to grain while maintaining lodging resistance. J. Exp. Bot., 62, pp. 469-486. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq300

12. Hajihashemi, S., Kiarostami, K., Saboora, A. & Enteshari, S. (2007). Exogenously applied paclobutrazol modulates growth in salt-stressed wheat plants. J. Plant Growth Regul., 53, pp. 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-007-9209-8

13. Heckman, N.L., Elthon, T.E., Horst, G.L. & Gaussoin, R.E. (2002). Influence of trinexapac-ethyl on respiration of isolated wheat mitochondria. Crop Science, 42, pp. 423-427. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2002.4230

14. Kong, E.Y., Liu, D.C., Guo, X.L., Yang, W.L., Sun, J.Z., Li, X., Zhan, K., Cui, D., Lin, J. & Zhang, A. (2013). Anatomical and chemical characteristics associated with lodging resistance in wheat. The Crop J., 1 (1), pp. 43-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2013.07.012

15. Marschner, H. (2012). Marschner's mineral nutrition of higher plants. 3rd edn. London, U.K.: Academic Press.

16. Matysiak, K. (2006). Influence of trinexapac-ethyl on growth and development of winter wheat. J. Plant Prot. Res., 46 (2), pp. 133-143.

17. Rademacher, W. (2000). Growth retardants: Effect of gibberellin biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol., 51, pp. 501-531. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.501

18. Reynolds, M., Foulkes, J., Furbank, R., Griffiths, S., King, J., Murchie, E., Parry, G. & Slafer, M. (2012). Achieving yield gains in wheat. Plant Cell Environ., 35, pp. 1799-1823. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02588.x

19. Slafer, G.A. & Araus, J.L. (2007). Physiological traits for improving wheat yield under a wide range of conditions. J.H.J. Spiertz, P.S. Struik, H.H. van Laar (Eds.). In Scale and Complexity in Plant Systems Research: Gene—Plant—Crop Relations. (pp. 147-156). Dordrecht: Springer.

20. Tripathi, S.C., Sayre, K.D. & Kaul, J.N. (2005). Planting systems on lodging behavior yield components, and yield of irrigated spring bread wheat. Crop Sci., 45, pp. 1448-1455. doi: http://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2003-714 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2003-714

21. Zagonel, J. & Fernandes, E.C. (2007). Rates and application times of growth reducer affecting wheat cultivars at two nitrogen rates. Planta Daninha, 25(2), pp. 331-339. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582007000200013

22. Zhang, M., Wang, H., Yi, Y., Ding, J., Zhu, M., Li, C., Guo, W., Feng, C. & Zhu, X. (2017). Effect of nitrogen levels and nitrogen ratios on lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLoS One. 12(11):e0187543. doi: http://doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187543. eCollection 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187543