The review considers the achievements and prospects of molecular biotechnologies related to the increase in the level of resistance of maize and wheat to stresses caused by water deficiency, using genes of a number of transcription factors. It is shown that being stress-induced, transcription factors can be components of complex signaling networks and act as key intermediaries of adaptation/plant resistance processes. The extensive family of transcription factors AP2/ERF, whose members participate in the response of mono- and dicotyledons to stresses caused by water deficiency, salinity, extreme temperatures, ions of heavy metals, is characterized. It has been shown that ABA-dependent transcription factors AREB/ABF can also participate in increasing the level of resistance of wheat and maize to abiotic and biotic stressors. The review analyzes transcription factors NAC that perform various functions, including those involved in controlling the expression of genes associated with plant resistance to stress. For the genetic improvement of cultivated cereals, the possibility of using in regulatory network genes belonging to the subfamilies of transcription factors ERF, MYB, NF-Y, bHLH-type is discussed.
Keywords: corn, wheat, transcription factors, AP2/ERF, AREB/ ABF, NAC, ERF, MYB, NF-Y, bHLH-type, Opaque 2, osmotolerance, genetic transformation
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