The results of the winter triticale genetic diversity study, ranging from primary crosses of wheat varieties with rye to the deployment of the population from crossing of the chromosome substituted line of triticale CCT(5B)5D (originated by Prof. A. Lukaszewski, UCR, USA) with the cultivar of winter triticale Bohdan are presented. Field as well as laboratory observations of the genetic diversity in the population, and the formation of advanced breeding strains pool from the population that gave rise to high yield and drought-tolerant varieties of winter triticale Albina and Okovyta alcohol-distilling grain end-use were carried out. Studies have shown that the use of the chromosome substituted triticale line CCT(5B)5D in crossing generates an extremely wide genetic variability in the population needed for the efficient selection of elite breeding material according to a complex of agronomic traits such as high grain productivity, drought tolerance, perfect grain filling, high quality of spike threshing, complex resistance to leaf and stem pathogene infections. Selected from the population of CCT(5B)5D ´ Bohdan advanced breeding material of winter triticale was investigated by a complex of agronomic and technological traits. Based on selections from the CCT(5B)5D ´ Bohdan population, two highly productive and drought-tolerant winter triticale lines were obtained that became the ancestors of the new varieties Albina and Okovyta. The Albina variety is listed in the State Register of Varieties of Ukraine, and the Okovyta variety has already transferred to the State trials system. Albina and Okovyta triticale varieties according to technological characteristics (high grain starch content as well as high grain fermentability) can be attributed to varieties of alcohol-distilling technological end-use. Although, no one also denies the feed status of the triticale crop as such. The systematic drought occurrence at recent years in the southern regions of Ukraine makes it increasingly impossible to grow fodder crops of maize. In order to maintain the balance of fodder crops in crop rotation, the authors suggest it expedient to consider replacing fodder maize with highly productive and drought-tolerant cultivars of winter triticale such as Albina and Okovyta.
Keywords: triticale, genetic diversity, breeding, agronomic and technological traits
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