In the conditions of vegetation experiment the photosynthetic apparatus features of the of Miscanthus w giganteus leaves have been studied under the influence of soil contamination by diesel fuel (0.25—5 g/kg) and application of biochar fertilizer (5 %). The aim was to research the photosynthetic activity parameters as markers of the adaptability of the plant M. w giganteus to oil contamination of the soil. Analysis of the state of the primary processes of photosynthesis in the chloroplasts of M. w giganteus leaves has been carried out using intact, non-invasive research methods based on the phenomenon of chlorophyll fluorescence a. Changes in the quantum efficiency of FS II and some parameters of the OJIP test in response to the toxic effects of petroleum products have been described, and the effect of biochar application on these indicators has been analyzed. It has been found that the introduction of biochar into the diesel-contaminated soils reduces the toxic effects of pollutants on miscanthus, which manifested itself in increasing the efficiency of excitation energy by chlorophyll molecules in FS II antennas, reducing thermal energy dissipation and maintaining higher chlorophyll content. This allows you to more efficiently use the absorbed light energy by the leaves and maintain the functional state of photosynthesis of plants. Non-photochemical quenching (fNPQ) and dissipated energy flux per one reaction center (DI0/RC) are the most sensitive to the effects of soil pollution by diesel have been found. It is proposed to use these indicators as markers for assessing the impact of stressors. It has been ascertained that the application of 5 % biochar was sufficient to reduce stress and optimize the photosynthetic parameters of chloroplasts of M. w giganteus leaves under conditions of plant growth in diesel-contaminated soils.
Keywords: Miscanthus w giganteus J.M. Greef & Deuter ex Hodkinson & Renvoiz, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, diesel pollution, biochar
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