The content of nitrogen compounds in the soil or nutrient medium can alter the growth of plants, root cultures, and cells both in vivo and in vitro. However, genetic transformation using soil phytopathogenic bacteria Agrobacterium rhizogenes can lead to changes in the functioning of plant cells, their ability to adapt to growing conditions, and biosynthetic activity. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of reducing the content of nitrate salts in the nutrient medium on the growth of «hairy» roots of Cichorium intybus L. in vitro. We used two root lines obtained earlier by genetic transformation of chicory plants using A. rhizogenes A4. The roots were cultured on solidified Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium with standard and halved nitrate salts content. «Hairy» roots growth was characterized by fresh weight gain, total flavonoid content, antioxidant and reducing activity. Differences in the growth rate of the roots of the two lines were revealed. One line was sensitive to such change of the medium, which was expressed in a decrease of weight gain. However, the growth of the «hairy» roots of the second line on the modified medium did not differ significantly from the control. It should be noted that a decrease in the total content of flavonoids, antioxidant and reducing activity was observed in both samples. Such differences are likely to be related to the peculiarities of the genetic transformation of nuclear DNA using agrobacteria, in which the site of incorporation of transferred genes is indeterminated.
Keywords: «hairy» roots, chicory, nitrogen, weight gain, flavonoids, antioxidant activity
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