New domestic winter bread wheat varieties, recommended for cultivation in Ukraine, differ in the timing and pace of the ripening stages and have different immunity to common diseases. The development of theoretical questions of different ecological types varieties plants adaptability to adverse factors is an important task in the selection of varieties for cultivation in a specific soil and climatic zone. The work analyzes long-term data (2012—2016) obtained as a result of studies, carried out at the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region, NAAS of Ukraine, on seed productivity and yield losses of different ecological types bread winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties under the influence of weather factors. It has been experimentally proved that with less rainfall during the harvesting period, the seed productivity of the forest-steppe ecotype varieties, compared to the steppe one, is characterized by a 4.8 g higher weight of 1000 seeds, which leads to a yield increase of 0.44 t/ha. Different cultivars resistance to the phenomenon of enzyme-mycotic exhaustion of grain was established when it stopped «standing» for 4, 8 and 12 days after full ripeness. Based on the analysis, it was determined that low weight loss of 1000 seeds is ensured by ecologically plastic varieties of forest-steppe ecotype — Yuvyliar Myronivskyi, Kolos Myronivshchyny, Benefis, Kraevyd, Lisova Pisnia.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., soft winter wheat, variety, ecological type, air temperature, rainfall, productivity, enzyme-mycotic exhaustion of grain
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