Fiziol. rast. genet. 2018, vol. 50, no. 1, 46-58, doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2018.01.046

THE NATURE OF STALK LENGTH INHERITANCE BY DWARF MUTANTS OF SOFT WINTER WHEAT, RECEIVED IN THE ZONE OF CHORNOBYL NPP

Yakymchuk R.A.

  • Unstitute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 31/17 Vasylkivska St., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine

An intensive mutative process, confirmed by numerous mutants of winter wheat, which were induced with radionuclide contamination, takes place in the Chornobyl exclusion zone. Singled out dwarf mutants are characterized by the lack of depressive processes as to major productivity elements. In crossing combinations of medium-height variety with dwarf mutant lines УК 1145/10, УК 1147/10 and УК 1148/10, received in the zone of Chornobyl NPP, in F1 hybrids such feature as stalk length is inherited by an intermediate type and partial positive domination. A significant distinction of F1 hybrid indices from parent forms was recorded for the majority of productivity elements. Dwarf forms were found in the populations of F2 plants of all crossing combinations, their part being 2.9—3.9 %. The appearance of high plants with frequency 2.2—3.6 %, which is neither typical for parent generation nor for F1 hybrids, can prove additive effect of the interaction of non-allele genes. Taking into account an intermediate nature of stalk length inheritance and the conservation of main indices of plant productivity elements in F1 hybrids at a level of better parent forms, crossing combinations with dwarf mutant УК 1147/10 may appear to be valuable in the breeding of soft winter wheat with short stalk.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., dwarf mutants, inheritance, stalk length, domination degree, crossing combinations

Fiziol. rast. genet.
2018, vol. 50, no. 1, 46-58

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