Fiziol. rast. genet. 2018, vol. 50, no. 3, 241-252, doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2018.03.241

DROUGHT STRESS EFFECTS ON GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF TWO RELATIVE WEATS TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. AND TRITICUM SPELTA L.

Kosakivska I.V., Vasyuk V.A., Voytenko L.V.

M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 2 Tereshchenkivska St., Kyiv, 01601, Ukraine

The effects of soil drought on the growth characteristics of plants Triticum aestivum L. cv. Podolyanka and Triticum spelta L. cv. Frankenkorn were analyzed in laboratory experiment. It was shown that a moderate soil drought (four days) had a negative effect on the growth and accumulation of the leaves and roots fresh mass of both species. In 18-day-old T. aestivum plants, the length and weight of the leaves decreased by 19 and 21 %, and the roots — by 11 and 34 %, respectively. After the renewal of irrigation at 23-th day, the length of leaves and roots were less than the control ones, whereas the root mass increased almost twice as compared with after stress plants, but remained 20 % less than control. The growth characteristics of the 18-day-old T. spelta leaves after moderate soil drought had minor changes, while the length and weight of the roots have decreased by 19 and 48 %, respectively. During the recovery period, the difference between the biometrical characteristics of control and experiment plants was less pronounced, but there was no complete recovery. Drought increased the content of dry matter in the leaves of the 18-day-old T. aestivum and decreased in the root system of T. spelta. The changes in growth characteristics and accumulation of dry matter revealed species-specific response to moderate soil drought. The leaves of T. spelta were more tolerant to moderate soil drought, whereas in T. aestivum there were roots.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Triticum spelta L., soil drought, growth, stress tolerance

Fiziol. rast. genet.
2018, vol. 50, no. 3, 241-252

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