Физиология растений и генетика 2018, том 50, № 6, 499-507, doi: https://doi.org/10.15407/frg2018.06.499

Влияние ретардантов — производных циклогександионов на продуктивность пшеницы озимой

Маковейчук Т.И., Михальская Л.Н., Швартау В.В.

  • Институт физиологии растений и генетики Национальной академии наук Украины, Киев

Исследовали влияние регуляторов роста растений класса ацилциклогександионов на пшеницу озимую (Triticum aestivum L.) высокопродуктивных сортов Смуглянка и Подолянка. В годы проведения опытов уровень полегания посевов в контроле был невысоким, а на участках с применением моддус и медакс топ и их композиций с удобрением — от­сутствовал. Обнаружено, что при применении ретардантов конкурентная способность посевов пшеницы к метлице повышались. Установлено, что внекорневая обработка растений ретардантами класса циклогександионов и других ингибиторов синтеза гибберелловой кислоты с мегафолом приводила к росту урожайности растений. Определено, что зерно пшеницы озимой сортов Смуглянка и Подолянка при обработке растений прогексадионом кальция с мепикватхлоридом + + мегафол содержало соответственно 14,4 и 13,7 % белка, 32,0 и 29,9 % клейковины. Короткостебельный сорт озимой пшеницы сорта Смуглянка в отличие от растений среднерослого сорта Подолян­ка положительно реагировал на применение ретардантов относительно высоты растений. Установлено, что урожайность обоих сортов пшеницы при одновременном внесении ретардантов и удобрения мегафол повышалась.

Ключевые слова: Triticum aestivum L., пшеница озимая, ретарданты, продуктивность

Физиология растений и генетика
2018, том 50, № 6, 499-507

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Цитированная литература

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5. Beasley, J.S., Branham, B.E. & Ortiz-Ribbing, LM. (2005). Trinexapac-ethyl affects Kentucky bluegrass root architecture. Hort. Science, 40, pp.1539-1542.

6. Berry, P.M. & Spink, J. (2012). Predicting yield losses caused by lodging in wheat. Field Crops Res., 137, pp. 19-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2012.07.019

7. Berry, P.M., Sterling, M., Spink, J.H., Baker, C.J., Sylvester-Bradley, R., Mooney, S., Tams, A. R. & Ennos, A. R. (2004). Understanding and reducing lodging in cereals. Advances in Agronomy, 84 (04), pp. 215-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(04)84005-7

8. Espindula, M.C., Rocha, V.S., Fontes, P.C.R., Silva, R.C.C. & Souza, L.T. (2009 a). Effect of nitrogen and trinexapac-ethyl rates on the SPAD index of wheat leaves. J. Plant Nutr., 32(11), pp. 1956-1964. doi: http: // dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904160903245113. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160903245113

9. Espindula, M.C., Rocha, V.C., Grossi, J.A.S., Souza, M.A., Souza, L.T. & Favarato, L.F. (2009 b). Use of growth retardants in wheat. Planta Daninha, 27(2), pp. 379-387. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-8358200900020002

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11. Foulkes, M.J., Slafer, G.A., Davies, W.J., Berry, P.M., Sylvester-Bradley, R., Martre, P., Calderini, D.F., Griffiths, S. & Reynolds, M.P. (2011). Raising yield potential of wheat III. Optimizing partitioning to grain while maintaining lodging resistance. J. Exp. Bot., 62, pp. 469-486. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq300

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21. Zagonel, J. & Fernandes, E.C. (2007). Rates and application times of growth reducer affecting wheat cultivars at two nitrogen rates. Planta Daninha, 25(2), pp. 331-339. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582007000200013

22. Zhang, M., Wang, H., Yi, Y., Ding, J., Zhu, M., Li, C., Guo, W., Feng, C. & Zhu, X. (2017). Effect of nitrogen levels and nitrogen ratios on lodging resistance and yield potential of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLoS One. 12(11):e0187543. doi: http://doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187543. eCollection 2017 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187543