Исследованы особенности пигментного состава и ультраструктурного строения хлоропластов растений различных таксонов:: Equisetum arvense L., Salvinia natans (L.) All., Triticum aestivum L. Установлено, что для вегетативных побегов хвоща полевого Е. arvense характерно высокое содержание фотосинтетических пигментов, ассоциированных с хлоропластами линзовидной формы, тогда как в генеративных побегах фотосинтетических пигментов меньше и ассоциированы они исключительно с запасающими органеллами липопластами. Выявлены четкие различия ультраструктурного строения хлоропластов и содержания фотосинтетических пигментов у плавающих и погруженных в воду вай папоротника-гидрофита S. natans, которые определяют их физиологические функции как ассимилирующих и всасывающих органов. Хлоропласты клеток мезофилла листьев Т. aestivum отличаются хорошо развитыми и многочисленными гранами, которые плотно наполняют объем органелл. Для них характерно высокое содержание пигментов, ассоциированных с белковыми комплексами, входящими в состав фотосинтетических мембран. Особенности пигментного состава и ультраструктурной организации хлоропластов растений разных таксонов обсуждены в связи с их адаптационными характеристиками и эволюционным положением.
Ключевые слова: Equisetum arvense L., Salvinia natans (L.) All., Triticum aestivum L., pigments, chloroplast, ultrastructure
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