Проведен цитогенетический анализ клеток корневой меристемы пшеницы T. aestivum L., семена которой были пророщены на радионуклидно загрязненных субстратах донных отложений водоемов ближней зоны отчуждения Чернобыльской АЭС. Установлено, что частота хромосомных аберраций в 1,6—3,3 раза превышала показатели спонтанного уровня, спектр их типов преимущественно формировали ацентрические фрагменты и мосты. Невысокая частота выявленных анеуплоидных клеток может свидетельствовать о наличии в донных отложениях незначительных концентраций мутагенных факторов, влияющих на аппарат деления клетки и сегрегацию хромосом. Тяжесть генетических последствий влияния радионуклидных загрязнений характеризует существенное возрастание количества аберраций на аберрантную клетку.
Ключевые слова: Triticum aestivum L., cytogenetic violations, chromosome aberrations, bottom deposits, rаdionuclide contamination
Полный текст и дополнительные материалы
В свободном доступе: PDFЦитированная литература
1. Bilanych, M.M. & Nikolaichuk, V.I. (2008). Lead, cobalt and zinc in the soils of the Zakarpatska region. Ekolohiia dovkillia ta bezpeka zhyttiediialnosti, No. 3, pp. 19-26 [in Ukrainian].
2. Bolegenova, N.K., Tanikenova, B. & Bekmanov, B.O. (2009). Cytogenetic analysis of the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in three generations of families living near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site. Vestn. NAN Respubliki Kazahstan, No. 4, pp. 27-35 [in Russian].
3. Bukatich, E.Yu., Obvintseva, N.A. & Pryahin, E.A. (2013). Cytogenetic effects of acute gamma irradiation in the cells of the lettuce meristem (Lactuca sativa L.). Vestn. Chelyabinsk. gos. un-ta. Ser. Biologiya, 2, No. 7, pp. 104-106 [in Russian].
4. Horova, A.I., Ryzhenko, S.A. & Skvortsova, T.V. (2007). Survey and zoning of territories according to the degree of influence of anthropogenic factors on the condition of environmental objects using cytogenetic methods. Kyiv: DMP "Polimed" [in Ukrainian].
5. Gorovaya, A.I., Skvortsova, T.V., Pavlichenko, A.V. & Lisitskaya, S.M. (2011, September). Monitoring the status of aquatic ecosystems based on cytogenetic methods. III Ukrainian congress of ecologists with international participation (pp. 314-317), Vinnytsia.
6. Gudkov, D.I., Kaglyan, A.E. & Klenus, VG. (2015). Current levels and dynamics of radinuclide contamination of components of aquatic ecosystems in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Nauk. zap. Ternopil. nats. ped. un-tu. Ser. Biolohiia, 64, No. 3-4, pp. 149-152 [in Russian].
7. Hudkov, D., Kuzmenko, M., Kirieiev, S. & Nazarov O. (2008). Radioecological problems of aquatic ecosystems of the Chornobyl NPP exclusion zone. Visn. NAN Ukrainy, No. 4, pp. 44-55 [in Ukrainian].
8. Gudkov, D.I., Kuzmenko, M.I., Kireev, S.I. & Nazarov, A.B. (2009). Radioecological problems of aquatic ecosystems in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Radiation biology. Radioecology, 49, No. 2, pp. 192-202.
9. Gudkov, D.I., Protasov, A.A., Scherbak, V.I., Dyachenko, T.N., Kaglyan, A.E., Silaeva, A.A. & Pashkova, O.V. (2015). Modern hydrobiological and radioecological state of the reservoir-cooler of the Chernobyl NPP. Dop. NAN Ukrainy, No. 1, pp. 173-179 [in Russian].
10. Derii, S.I. & Tytarenko, L.M. (2008). Radioecological situation on the territory of Cherkasy region after the Chernobyl accident. Ekolohichna bezpeka, No. 3-4, pp. 50-53 [in Ukrainian].
11. Report on the state of nuclear and radiation safety in Ukraine in 2002. (2003). Kyiv: Derzhavnyi komitet yadernoho rehuliuvannia Ukrainy [in Ukrainian].
12. Dospehov, B.A. (1985). Methods of field experience (with the basics of statistical processing of research results). Moscow: Kolos [in Russian].
13. Durdynets, V.V., Saienko, Yu.I. & Pryvalov, Yu.O. (2001). Social risks and social security in conditions of natural and man-made emergencies and catastrophes. Kyiv: Stilos [in Ukrainian].
14. Kovaleva, O.A. (2008). Cytogenetic abnormalities in mammalian somatic cells. Cytology and genetics, 42, No. 1, pp. 58-72.
15. Kozlovska, T.F., Deina, I.P. & Andrusenko, O.M. (2008). Features of formation of ecological risk in conditions of radioactive contamination of regional urboekosystems. Ekolohichna bezpeka, No. 3-4, pp. 40-45 [in Ukrainian].
16. Kosakovskaya, I.V. & Gudkova, N.V. (2005). Effect of gamma radiation and high temperature on the composition of acid-soluble nuclear proteins of winter wheat seedlings. Fiziologiya i biohimiya kult. Rasteniy, 37, No. 1, pp. 24-29 [in Russian].
17. Kryishev, I.I., Sazyikina, T.G. (1990). Simulation models of ecosystem dynamics under the anthropogenic effects of thermal and nuclear power plants. Moscow: Energoatomizdat [in Russian].
18. Kutsokon, N.K., Bezrukov, V.F., Lazarenko, L.M., Rashydov, N.M. & Hrodzynskyi, D.M. (2003). Number of aberrations on aberrant cell as a parameter of chromosomal instability. 1. Characteristics of dose dependencies. Cytology and genetics, 37, No. 4, pp. 20-25.
19. Lisovitskaya, O.V. & Terehova, V.A. (2010). Phytoteaching: major hikes, laboratory methods and modern solutions. Dokl. po ekologicheskomu pochvovedeniyu, No. 1, pp. 1-18 [in Russian[.
20. Melnyk, M.K. (2003). Influence of ionizing radiation and lead on neuroendocrine system indices in rats and their correction (Unpublished candidate thesis). National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, Ukraine [in Ukrainian].
21. Pausheva, Z.P. (1988). Workshop on plant cytology. Moscow: Agropromizdat [in Russian].
22. Regionalna dopovid pro stan navkolyshniogo pryrodnogo seredovyscha Kyivskoi oblasti u 2015 roku. (2016). Kyiv: Departament ekolohii ta pryrodnykh resursiv Kyivskoi oblasnoi derzhavnoi administratsii [in Ukrainian].
23. Romanenko, V.D. (2006). Methods of hydroecological surveys of surface waters. Kyiv: Lohos [in Ukrainian].
24. Romanenko, V., Hudkov, D. & Kuzmenko M. (2014). Hydrobionts of reservoirs of the Chernobyl zone. Svitohliad, 46, No. 2, pp. 37-46 [in Ukrainian].
25. Snigireva, G.P. (2009). Effects of ionizing radiation: cytogenetic changes in human blood leukocytes (Extended abstract of Doctor thesis). Russian Scientific Center of x-radiology. Moscow [in Russian].
26. Talerko, N.N., Garger, E.K. & Kuzmenko, A.G. (2013). Predictive assessment of the transboundary transfer of radionuclides due to the passage of a tornado over the cooling pond of ChNPP. Problemy bezpeky atomnykh elektrostantsii i Chornobylia, No. 20, pp. 85-93 [in Russian].
27. Timoshevskiy, V. A. & Nazarenko, S. A. (2005). Interphase cytogenetics in the assessment of genomic mutations in somatic cells. Genetics, 41, No. 1, pp. 5-16.
28. Fesenko, S.V., Skotnikova, O.G., Skryabin, A.M., Safronova, N.G. & Pahomova, I.A. (2004). Simulation of long-term 137Cs and 90Sr migration in a non-flowing freshwater reservoir. Radiation biology. Radioecology, 44, No. 4, pp. 466-472.
29. Kholosha, V.I. (2008). Radiological state of territories classified as radioactive contamination zones (in terms of districts). Kyiv: VETA [in Ukrainian].
30. Shevtsova, N.L. & Gudkov, D.I. (2014, April). Cytogenetic effects of low doses of ionizing radiation in reed ordinary Phragmites australis L. from the water bodies of the Chernobyl exclusion zone. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference Radioecology -2014 (pp. 236-240), Zhytomyr [in Ukrainian].
31. Bentley, K.S., Kirkland, D., Murphy M. & Marshall R. (2000). Evaluation of thresholds for benomyl and carbendazim-induced aneuploidy in cultured human lymphocytes using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Mutat. Res., 464, No. 1, pp. 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(99)00165-5
32. Duesberg, P. & Rasnick D. (2000). Aneuploidy, the somatic mutation that makes cancer a species of its own. Cell Motility and Cytoskeleton, 47, No. 2, pp. 81-107. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0169(200010)47:2<81::AID-CM1>3.0.CO;2-#
33. Durante, M., Furusawa, Y. & George K. (1998). Rejoining and misrejoining of radiation-induced chromatin breaks. IV. Charged particles. Radiat. Res., 149, No. 5, pp. 446-454. https://doi.org/10.2307/3579784
34. Naito, K., Kusabba, M. & Shikazono N. (2005). Transmissible and nontransmissible mutations induced by irradiation Arabidopsis thaliana pollen with g-rays and carbon ions. Genetics, 169, No. 2, pp. 881-889. https://doi.org/10.1534/genetics.104.033654